Power-drill.



W. HARTEL.

POWER DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 27, 1912.

Patented May 13, 1913.

WILLIAM HARTEL, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

POWER-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 13,1913

Application filed August 27, 1912. Serial No. 717,257.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WVILLIAM HAarnL, acitizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Power-Drills, of which the following is a full, clear,and exact description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings.This invention relates to power drills of the portable type, which areespecially adapted for use in structural iron work, the construction ofsteel bridges, in boring holes in railway rails, and Wherever the natureof the work requires a drill of comparatively high power but which workis of such size or shape that it is impossible to accomplish it on adrill press' Among the objects of the invention are the provision of adrill of this character which is compact and of substantialconstruction, which is capable of high speed, and yet can be easily andeffectively controlled by the operator; the provision of a drill of therotary type adapted to be operated by compressed air or other expansiblefluid of greater simplicity that any heretofore used; the provision of adevice of this character wherein the pressure fluid is used expansively,the expansion being broken up into several stages, whereby highefliciency is obtained; the provision of a power drill of a constructionthatwill permit of its being readily disassembled for the purpose ofinspection and repair of its parts; while further objects and advantagesWill become apparent as the description proceeds.

Generally speaking, the invention may also be defined as consisting ofthe combination of elements embodied in the claims hereto annexed andillustrated in the drawin s forming a part hereof, wherein igure 1 is acentral longitudinal section of my power drill, the drill-stock andportion of the rotor being shown in elevation; Fig. 2 is a transversesectional view taken on the line 2- 2 of Fig. 1 and looking in w thedirection of the arrows; Fig. 3 is an inner face view of the head-blockof my drill, and Fig. 4 is a similar view of the tailblock thereof.

Like reference characters are used to designate corresponding partsthroughout the several views of the drawing.

The case A at my power drill consists generally of a cylindrical wall 1which is,, threaded at each end, and of head and tail blocks 2 and 3having laterally extending and internally threaded flanges which areadapted to receive the threaded ends of the cylindrical wall 1.

l represents the drill-stock which vided with the usual socket 4 ceptionof the shank of a drill or other tool 55 5, a portionof which, is shownin Fi 1. The drill-stock is driven by a rotor B.w ich,

is contained within the casing, and apart of which is convenientlyformed of an ex-u tension 4 of the drill-stock 4. The ext/an 1o sion 4"of the drill-stock .from which the aforesaid portion of the rotor isformed is provided with a plurality of vanes orblades,

6 which extend from the core of the rotor at an angle to its radius andalso at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the rotor,- thereby forminga series of spiral vanes or blades thereabout. A drum 7, the interiordiameter of whichis substantially equal to the diameter of the circledefined by the outer edges of thevblades 6, is shrunk upon the blades;and upon the exterior of this a drum is provided a series of vanes orblades 8, similar to the blades 6 previously do: scribed, extendingspirally about the drum, 8] but inclined in the opposite direction-tothe inclination of the blades 6. A cylindrical shell 9 is shrunk uponthe blades 8, and overhangs the blades ateach end, and these overhangingportions are contained 90, within annular grooves in the head and tailblocks 2 and 3 of the casing; From this description, it will be seenthat a rotor has been produced containing one series of helical ports orpassageways extending longi- 96 tudinally through the rotor near itscenter and a second series of like ports extending through the rotornear its periphery but inclined in the opposite direction, the pur poseof the opposed direction of inclination of the two series of ports beingexplained hereinafter. l

The rotor is centrally supported within the casing by a trunnion 1 0which projects from the end opposite tolhe drill-stock 4 and has abearing in a socket 111 formed in the center of the inner face of thehead block 2, and the drill-stock which is journaled within a bore 12formed through the ccuterlof the tail blo ck 3. To provide for the endthrust of the rotor I have employed the ball bearings 13 and'l i betweenthe head and is prov, for the re-..

tail-pieces 2 and 3 respectively and the adjacent ends of the rotor, andto resist any side thrust which the rotor may tend to exert upon thecasing, I have provided the rollers 15 which occupy grooves 16 with,- inthe cylindrical wall 1, thespindles 17 of which are journaled within thesockets 17 of the tail block 3 and the spindles 18 of the rollers aresupported within the groove 19 ofthe head block'2.

. A handle 20 is secured to the head block- 1 as by means of a threadedprojection 21 of the handle which is adapted to be rean internallythreaded socket in block. There is sufficient differceived b the hea'ence'between the length of the threaded of itsends by a valve chamber26 extndin into the handle from the rear side thereo This valve chambercuts at right angles, the branch of the port 23 which extends throughthe grip of the handle, but its longitudinal axis is coincident with thecenter of the upper portion of the branch of the port 23 which leads tothe chamber 22.

Within the valve chamber is adapted to re-.

ciproca-te a hollow cylindrical valve body 27, which may be actuated bya thumb button 28 secure to a stem 29 projecting from the head of thevalve body through a hole within the plug 30. The spiral spring 31,interposed between the end wall of the valve chamber andthe interior ofthe head of the valve body, tends to hold the valve in inoperativeposition, and the valve body is prevented from turning by a pin 32 whichprojects into a groove 33 within the side wall ofthe valve chamber. Ahole 34 within the cylindrical wall of the valve body is adapted toregister with thebranch of the port 23 within the grip of the handle,when the valveis pushed inwardly. I

The chamber 22 communicates, through ports 35., with the annular groove36 within the inner face of the head-block 2, and this groovelies-within the zone of the ends of the vanes'or blades 6 of the rotor.Adjacent the opposite ends of the vanes or blades 6 and. in the innerface ofthe tail block 3, is a similar, groove 37. This groove hascommunication, through ports 38, with a similar concentric groove '39 inthe inner face of the tail block 3, which lies in the zone of the end ofthe vanes or blades 8 of head block Within the inner face of'the 2adjacent the opposite ends of the rot or.

'1 of the casing A. This space communicates with the atmosphere throughthe inclined ports 42 in the tail block 3 which open into an enlargementof the bore 12.

In the use of my power drill theoperator grasps the handle 20 with onehand in a manner that will permit him to easily operate the valve button28 with his thumb, and with his other hand he supports the casing of thedrill. Upon the actuation of the valve 27 communication is establishedbetween the branches of the port 23 which extend through the handle 20and pressure fluid (preferably compressed air) is thereby admitted intothe chamber 22 therethrough. From the chamber 22 the air is directed,through the ports 35, 'against the blades 6 of the rotor, causing'therotor to be revolved in a right hand direction. The air then continuesits course through the spiral ports between the blades 6 to the annulargroove 37 in the tail-block 3, from where it is conducted, through ports38, to the annular groove 39. As it exhausts from the ports 38itimpinges against the blades 8 of the rotor, and, because of thedirection of incli nation of said blades, causes an increase in themomentum of the rotor initiated by the impinging of the air in the firstinstance against the blades 6. From the outer series of spiral ports theair passes into the annular groove 40 in thehead block 2, thence throughthe ports 41 into the space between the shell 9 and the cylindrical wall1 of the casing A. From here it is conducted through the inclined ports42 in the tailblock and directed toward the drill-stock 4, where it isexhausted, through the enlargement 12 of the bore 12, into theatmosphere. The air thus exhausted about the drillstock 4 is directedforward. because of the shape of the enlargement of the-bore 12 andtends to cool the drill.

While I have shown this rotor B as being provided with but two series ofspiral blades, I do not wish to confine myself to such, as any number ofseries may be employed as is deemed advisable, without departing fromthe spirit of my invention; likewise,while Ihave shown the ports 35 andports 38 as parallel with the axis of therotor and opening into annulargrooves 36 and 39 respectively, I wish it to be understood that suchports could be inclined at any angle with respect to the blades 6 and 8,and conduct the air directly thereagainst, exclu sive ofthe annulargrooves.

Furthermore, it will be apparent that the device is not restricted touse with drills or like boring tools, but can be used for drivingemery-wheels or other light machincry, for example, by being secured tothe slide rest of a lathe so as to grind the centers of the materialsupported thereby.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a power drill,the combination of a drill-stock, a rotor for operating said drillstockhaving a plurality of blades, and a casing for said rotor having portstherein for directing pressure fluid against said blades whereby therotor is caused to revolve and operate said drill-stock, said casingalso having exhaust ports converging toward the drill, whereby theexhaust fluid will serve to cool the same.

2. In a power drill, the combination of a drill-stock, a rotor foroperating said drillstock and having a series of spiral blades, a casingfor said rotor having ports therein through which pressure fluid isdirected against the blades thereby causing the rotor to revolve andoperate the drill-stock, and bearings for said drill-stock carried bysaid casing, the bearing for the forward end of the drill stock beingformed with an enlargement at its forward end and the casing beingformed with exhaust passages communicating with said enlargement wherebythe exhaust fluid is directed upon the tool so as to cool the same.

3. In a power drill, the combination of a drill-stock havingbladesihroughout a portion of its length which project at an angle withrespect to its radiusand also at an angle with res set to itslongitudinal axis, a drum surrounding said blades and secured theretoand having blades upon its exterior inclined with respect to its radiusand also inclined with respect to its longitudinal axis but in theopposite direction with respect to the inclination of thefirst mentionedblades, a cylindrical shell surrounding said latter blades and securedthereto, a casing within which the drill-stock is supported inclosinthat portion provided with the blades an having ports therein fordirecting pressure fluid against the first mentioned blades andadditional ports for conducting the pressure fluid from the zone of saidblades to the blades on the drum, and a valve for controlling the supplyof pressure fluid to said ports.

ing ,said latter blades and secured thereto,

a casing within which the drill-stock is supported inclosing that ortionprovided with the blades, and'provi ed with ports for directing pressurefluid against the first mentioned blades, rollers journaled within thecasing against which the aforesaid cylindrical shell is adapted to bear,and additional ports for conducting the pressure fluid from the zone ofsaid first blades to the blades on the drum.

5. In a power drill, the combination of a casing comprising acylindrical shell, a head block having ports therein, and a tail blockwhich is also provided with orts, a rotor centrally located within saicasing and having a series of inclined blades, a drillstock secured tosaid rotor and projecting through a bore in the tail-block, a handle forthe power drill secured to the head block and having a port therethroughcommunicating with the ports within said head block, and a valve withinsaid handle by the actuation of which pressure fluid is caused to flowthrough the port within the handle and the ports within the head blockand impinge against the blades of the rotor whereby the rotor is causedto rotate and operate the drill-stock.

6. In a power drill, the combination of a drill-stock, a rotor foroperating the same and having a series of spiral ports extendinglongitudinally therethrough near its center and a second series of opositely inclined spiral ports extending longitudinally therethrough nearits peri hery, a casing for said rotor comprising a cylindrical shelland head and tail-blocks, each containing ports located within the zonesof the ends of thee iral ports of the rotor and adapted to directpressure fluid against the sides of the said spiral ports for causingthe rotor to revolve, the tail-block also having a second series ofports for throwing into communication with the atmosphere, the spacebetween the rotor and the cylindrical shell of the casing, and a handlesecured to the head block having a port communicating at its inner endwith the ports within the head block and having connection at itsopposite end with the pressure fluid supply.

7. In a power drill, the combination of a drill-stock, a rotor foroperating the same and having a series of spiral ports extendinglongitudinally therethrough near its center and a second series ofoppositely inclined spiral ports extending longitudinally therethroughnear its periphery, a casing for said rotor comprising a cylindricalshell and a head-block and tail-block each containing ports locatedwithin the zones of the ends of the spiral ports of the rotor andadapted to direct pressure fluid against the sides of the spiral portsthereby revolving the rotor, the tail block also having a second seriesof ports for directing the exhaust pressure fluid toward and about thedrill, a handle "secured to the head-block having a. port In testimonywhereof, I hereunto aflix my communicating at its inner end with thesignature in the presence of two Witnesses.

ports'within the head. block and having con- WILLIAM HABTEL nection atits opposite end with the pressure 5 fluid supply, and a, Valve withinsaid handle Witnesses:

whereby the supply'of ressure fluid to the HAROLD E. SMITH, ports withinthe casing 1s controlled. BRENNAN 13., WEsTQ Gopies oil this patent mayhe obtained for five eent each, by afiressiug the fiommissionerefPatents,

' Washington, Eu (3%?

